Please remember that the master copy of this info is in
~invent/Building-info/backups/bacula/change-tapes-info the web
pages is a symlink to that so only edit the master version!.
These are jp107's notes, updated by ts551.
Connect to the bacula console by running bconsole on yam. At the * prompt tell it to unload the current tape by asking it to unmount it.
*umount Yam-LTO-5-Tape
You will get a message like:
Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103 ... 3307 Issuing autochanger "unload slot 19, drive 0" command. 3002 Device ""Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0)" unmounted.
The unload takes a minute or so.
NOTE: If you forget to unmount the tape then bacula will error when you have replaced the tapes and it tried the next unload. Manually running the unload a second time does seem to work - moving the tape from the drive to a random free changer slot. But then the tape library seems to have lost the barcode record so you then have to remove the 'magazine' a second time just to let it take inventory again which all takes a lot longer. It is far quicker to do the 'unload' first!
After the unload go to the front of the tape library machine and hit 'enter', scroll down to 'Control', then 'magazine', then 'left' or 'right'. This may wirr for a few seconds then unlock the door, you can then open it and remove the 'magazine'. Note that the 'orange' cleaning tape is in a special slot on the right magazine. It should be the one furthest from the handle -- do NOT remove it or move it to another slot, do NOT put a data cartridge in that slot (the tape library knows that this is a special slot)!! As well, on the left there is a slot left free for the IMPORT/EXPORT. This allows easy removal of a single tape without needing to remove the whole magazine.
Replace (or insert new) cartridges. Only insert tapes which have barcode labels of the expected type or BAD things may happen. Barcodes are in the large box of tapes, usually on the floor in the server room.
Once you have finished put the magazine back into the tape library and close the door. It will probably wirr for a while again as it scans the slots and reads barcodes etc. This may take a while to finish.
You can optionally test what the device reports by (as root) running something like:
mtx -f /dev/changer status
e.g before swapping out tapes MAT006 to MAT022 tapes I get:
-bash-3.2# mtx -f /dev/changer status
Storage Changer /dev/changer:1 Drives, 23 Slots ( 1 Import/Export )
Data Transfer Element 0:Empty
Storage Element 1:Full :VolumeTag=MAT027L5
Storage Element 2:Full :VolumeTag=MAT006L5
Storage Element 3:Full :VolumeTag=MAT007L5
Storage Element 4:Full :VolumeTag=MAT008L5
Storage Element 5:Full :VolumeTag=MAT009L5
Storage Element 6:Full :VolumeTag=MAT010L5
Storage Element 7:Full :VolumeTag=MAT011L5
Storage Element 8:Full :VolumeTag=MAT012L5
Storage Element 9:Full :VolumeTag=MAT013L5
Storage Element 10:Full :VolumeTag=MAT014L5
Storage Element 11:Full :VolumeTag=MAT015L5
Storage Element 12:Full :VolumeTag=MAT016L5
Storage Element 13:Full :VolumeTag=MAT017L5
Storage Element 14:Full :VolumeTag=MAT018L5
Storage Element 15:Full :VolumeTag=MAT019L5
Storage Element 16:Full :VolumeTag=MAT020L5
Storage Element 17:Full :VolumeTag=MAT021L5
Storage Element 18:Full :VolumeTag=MAT022L5
Storage Element 19:Full :VolumeTag=MAT023L5
Storage Element 20:Full :VolumeTag=MAT024L5
Storage Element 21:Full :VolumeTag=MAT025L5
Storage Element 22:Full :VolumeTag=MAT026L5
Storage Element 23 IMPORT/EXPORT:Empty
while afterwards I get:
-bash-3.2# mtx -f /dev/changer status
Storage Changer /dev/changer:1 Drives, 22 Slots ( 0 Import/Export )
Data Transfer Element 0:Empty
Storage Element 1:Full :VolumeTag=MAT027L5
Storage Element 2:Full :VolumeTag=MAT028L5
Storage Element 3:Full :VolumeTag=MAT029L5
Storage Element 4:Full :VolumeTag=MAT030L5
Storage Element 5:Full :VolumeTag=MAT031L5
Storage Element 6:Full :VolumeTag=MAT032L5
Storage Element 7:Full :VolumeTag=MAT033L5
Storage Element 8:Full :VolumeTag=MAT034L5
Storage Element 9:Full :VolumeTag=MAT035L5
Storage Element 10:Full :VolumeTag=MAT036L5
Storage Element 11:Full :VolumeTag=MAT037L5
Storage Element 12:Full :VolumeTag=MAT038L5
Storage Element 13:Full :VolumeTag=MAT039L5
Storage Element 14:Full :VolumeTag=MAT040L5
Storage Element 15:Full :VolumeTag=MAT041L5
Storage Element 16:Full :VolumeTag=MAT042L5
Storage Element 17:Full :VolumeTag=MAT043L5
Storage Element 18:Full :VolumeTag=MAT044L5
Storage Element 19:Full :VolumeTag=MAT023L5
Storage Element 20:Full :VolumeTag=MAT024L5
Storage Element 21:Full :VolumeTag=MAT025L5
Storage Element 22:Full :VolumeTag=MAT026L5
Bacula should do that itself anyway as part of the 'update slots' below.
Back at the bconsole prompt, tell it that the tapes in the tape library have changed by issuing the command:
*update slots Yam-LTO-5-Tape
If you have inserted new (never used before but with a barcode label!) tapes then you also have to tell bacula to write a tape-label to each. If this happens the output from update slots will mention that the new tapes arn't in the catalog, e.g.
*update slots Yam-LTO-5-Tape Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103 ... 3306 Issuing autochanger "slots" command. Device "Yam-TTO-5-Changer" has 23 slots. Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103 ... 3306 Issuing autochanger "list" command. Catalog record for Volume "MAT027L5" is up to date. Volume "MAT028L5" not found in catalog. Slot=2 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT029L5" not found in catalog. Slot=3 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT030L5" not found in catalog. Slot=4 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT031L5" not found in catalog. Slot=5 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT032L5" not found in catalog. Slot=6 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT033L5" not found in catalog. Slot=7 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT034L5" not found in catalog. Slot=8 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT035L5" not found in catalog. Slot=9 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT036L5" not found in catalog. Slot=10 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT037L5" not found in catalog. Slot=11 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT038L5" not found in catalog. Slot=12 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT039L5" not found in catalog. Slot=13 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT040L5" not found in catalog. Slot=14 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT041L5" not found in catalog. Slot=15 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT042L5" not found in catalog. Slot=16 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT043L5" not found in catalog. Slot=17 InChanger set to zero. Volume "MAT044L5" not found in catalog. Slot=18 InChanger set to zero. Catalog record for Volume "MAT023L5" is up to date. Catalog record for Volume "MAT024L5" is up to date. Catalog record for Volume "MAT025L5" is up to date. Catalog record for Volume "MAT026L5" is up to date.
So in this case we added (unused) tapes with barcode labels from MAT028L5 to MAT044L5.
If you are re-using already labelled tapes (ones which bacula already knows about), you don't need to do the labelling bit! and can skip down to the point where we run list media below.
The magic for labelling all the new tapes is simply:
label barcodes storage=Yam-LTO-5-Tape
This tells it to label any tapes with unknown barcode entries (the the new label name will match the barcode name which is what we want...). It will list ALL the tapes in the message, but then it skips those which are already known - yes this looks like it is going to re-label them all but in fact it doesn't!!
An example of labelling some new tapes:
e.g. I just added 18 new tapes:
*label barcodes storage=Yam-LTO-5-Tape
Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103 ...
3306 Issuing autochanger "slots" command.
Device "Yam-TTO-5-Changer" has 23 slots.
Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103 ...
3306 Issuing autochanger "list" command.
The following Volumes will be labeled:
Slot Volume
==============
1 MAT027L5
2 MAT028L5
3 MAT029L5
4 MAT030L5
5 MAT031L5
6 MAT032L5
7 MAT033L5
8 MAT034L5
9 MAT035L5
10 MAT036L5
11 MAT037L5
12 MAT038L5
13 MAT039L5
14 MAT040L5
15 MAT041L5
16 MAT042L5
17 MAT043L5
18 MAT044L5
19 MAT023L5
20 MAT024L5
21 MAT025L5
22 MAT026L5
Do you want to label these Volumes? (yes|no): yes
Defined Pools:
1: Default
2: File
3: Scratch
Select the Pool (1-3): 1
Media record for Slot 1 Volume "MAT027L5" already exists.
Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103 ...
Sending label command for Volume "MAT028L5" Slot 2 ...
3301 Issuing autochanger "loaded? drive 0" command.
3302 Autochanger "loaded? drive 0", result: nothing loaded.
3304 Issuing autochanger "load slot 2, drive 0" command.
3305 Autochanger "load slot 2, drive 0", status is OK.
block.c:1024 Read error on fd=5 at file:blk 0:0 on device "Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0). ERR=Input/output error.
3000 OK label. VolBytes=64512 DVD=0 Volume="MAT028L5" Device="Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0)
Catalog record for Volume "MAT028L5", Slot 2 successfully created.
...
Sending label command for Volume "MAT044L5" Slot 18 ...
3307 Issuing autochanger "unload slot 17, drive 0" command.
3304 Issuing autochanger "load slot 18, drive 0" command.
3305 Autochanger "load slot 18, drive 0", status is OK.
block.c:1024 Read error on fd=5 at file:blk 0:0 on device "Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0). ERR=Input/output error.
3000 OK label. VolBytes=64512 DVD=0 Volume="MAT044L5" Device="Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0)
Catalog record for Volume "MAT044L5", Slot 18 successfully created.
Media record for Slot 19 Volume "MAT023L5" already exists.
Media record for Slot 20 Volume "MAT024L5" already exists.
Media record for Slot 21 Volume "MAT025L5" already exists.
Media record for Slot 22 Volume "MAT026L5" already exists.
*
The error messages in there are just bacula attempting to read from the tape before putting a label on it -- just in case there is already a label on there. If you need to RE-LABEL a tape there is a different procedure (see the bacula manual/documentation for details of that).
Afterwards you can use 'list media' command in bconsole to show which tape volumes are now known to exist (and which ones are in the tape library). You will need a very wide terminal not to have the output wrapped/badly formatted!
*list media Pool: File No results to list. Pool: Scratch No results to list. Pool: Default +---------+------------+-----------+---------+-------------------+----------+--------------+---------+------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+ | mediaid | volumename | volstatus | enabled | volbytes | volfiles | volretention | recycle | slot | inchanger | mediatype | lastwritten | +---------+------------+-----------+---------+-------------------+----------+--------------+---------+------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | MAT001L5 | Full | 1 | 2,073,810,106,368 | 76 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-07-29 03:36:45 | | 2 | MAT002L5 | Full | 1 | 2,030,301,858,816 | 75 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-08-05 01:51:45 | | 3 | MAT003L5 | Full | 1 | 2,024,060,451,840 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-08-12 02:43:53 | | 4 | MAT004L5 | Full | 1 | 2,018,473,132,032 | 74 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-08-19 03:43:43 | | 5 | MAT005L5 | Full | 1 | 2,093,355,694,080 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-07-27 01:46:27 | | 6 | CLNU00L1 | Cleaning | 1 | 1 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | | | | 7 | MAT006L5 | Full | 1 | 2,004,398,355,456 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-08-26 04:19:37 | | 8 | MAT007L5 | Full | 1 | 1,997,945,736,192 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-09-02 04:45:32 | | 9 | MAT008L5 | Full | 1 | 1,996,155,076,608 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-09-09 05:27:26 | | 10 | MAT009L5 | Full | 1 | 1,990,693,748,736 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-09-16 05:29:05 | | 11 | MAT010L5 | Full | 1 | 2,017,420,747,776 | 74 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-09-23 06:09:32 | | 12 | MAT011L5 | Full | 1 | 1,996,461,444,096 | 74 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-09-30 04:52:42 | | 13 | MAT012L5 | Full | 1 | 2,033,411,659,776 | 74 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-10-07 03:56:42 | | 14 | MAT013L5 | Full | 1 | 2,005,189,466,112 | 64 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-10-07 23:39:43 | | 15 | MAT014L5 | Full | 1 | 2,010,379,262,976 | 71 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-10-14 22:33:15 | | 16 | MAT015L5 | Full | 1 | 2,013,879,038,976 | 74 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-10-21 21:55:48 | | 17 | MAT016L5 | Full | 1 | 1,995,143,205,888 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-10-28 20:56:30 | | 18 | MAT017L5 | Full | 1 | 1,989,253,389,312 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-11-04 21:15:54 | | 19 | MAT018L5 | Full | 1 | 2,007,060,120,576 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-11-11 21:50:43 | | 20 | MAT019L5 | Full | 1 | 2,007,408,872,448 | 72 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-11-18 22:54:43 | | 21 | MAT020L5 | Full | 1 | 2,015,541,513,216 | 73 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-11-26 00:13:58 | | 22 | MAT021L5 | Full | 1 | 2,001,179,916,288 | 77 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-12-04 01:22:26 | | 23 | MAT022L5 | Full | 1 | 1,999,166,819,328 | 75 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | LTO-5 | 2012-12-12 01:36:11 | | 24 | MAT023L5 | Append | 1 | 16,874,468,352 | 1 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 19 | 1 | LTO-5 | 2012-12-12 01:45:27 | | 25 | MAT024L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 20 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 26 | MAT025L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 21 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 27 | MAT026L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 22 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 28 | MAT027L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 29 | MAT028L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 2 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 30 | MAT029L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 3 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 31 | MAT030L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 4 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 32 | MAT031L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 5 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 33 | MAT032L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 6 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 34 | MAT033L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 7 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 35 | MAT034L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 8 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 36 | MAT035L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 9 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 37 | MAT036L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 10 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 38 | MAT037L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 11 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 39 | MAT038L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 12 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 40 | MAT039L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 13 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 41 | MAT040L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 14 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 42 | MAT041L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 15 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 43 | MAT042L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 16 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 44 | MAT043L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 17 | 1 | LTO-5 | | | 45 | MAT044L5 | Append | 1 | 64,512 | 0 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 18 | 1 | LTO-5 | | +---------+------------+-----------+---------+-------------------+----------+--------------+---------+------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+ *
So it knows about tapes MAT001L5 through to MAT044L5 and tapes MAT023L5 to MAT044L5 are in the tape library at the moment.
Now the bacula program normally loads tapes as/when needed, but since we unmounted the storage device manually we have to mount one again to let it continue with future jobs. We may as well load the volume it will use next since that makes it slightly quicker to start that backup. The 'list nextvol' bconsole command will tell you the volumes needed for example:
*status storage=Yam-LTO-5-Tape
Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103
yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk-s Version: 5.2.10 (28 June 2012) x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu redhat 5.7
Daemon started 31-Oct-12 02:53. Jobs: run=2060, running=0.
Heap: heap=1,916,928 smbytes=1,137,308 max_bytes=1,865,361 bufs=226 max_bufs=401
Sizes: boffset_t=8 size_t=8 int32_t=4 int64_t=8 mode=0,0
Running Jobs:
No Jobs running.
====
...
Device status:
Autochanger "Yam-TTO-5-Changer" with devices:
"Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0)
Device "FileStorage" (/local/baculascratch/FileStorage) is not open.
Device "Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0) is not open.
Device is BLOCKED. User unmounted.
Slot 18 is loaded in drive 0.
====
...
*
Lets see what volume(s) we will probably use next:
-bash-3.2# echo "list nextvol job=CMS-BackupCatalog days=7" | bconsole | egrep 'The next' The next Volume to be used by Job "CMS-BackupCatalog" (Pool=Default, Level=Full) will be MAT023L5
back in the normal bconsole session:
*list volume=MAT023L5 +---------+------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+--------------+---------+------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+ | mediaid | volumename | volstatus | enabled | volbytes | volfiles | volretention | recycle | slot | inchanger | mediatype | lastwritten | +---------+------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+--------------+---------+------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+ | 24 | MAT023L5 | Append | 1 | 16,874,468,352 | 1 | 31,536,000 | 1 | 19 | 1 | LTO-5 | 2012-12-12 01:45:27 | +---------+------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+--------------+---------+------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+ *
so that is in slot 19, so we would run:
*mount
The defined Storage resources are:
1: File
2: Yam-LTO-5-Tape
Select Storage resource (1-2): 2
Enter autochanger slot: 19
3307 Issuing autochanger "unload slot 18, drive 0" command.
3304 Issuing autochanger "load slot 19, drive 0" command.
3305 Autochanger "load slot 19, drive 0", status is OK.
3001 Mounted Volume: MAT023L5
3001 Device ""Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0)" is mounted with Volume "MAT023L5"
*
Now we can check the status again:
*status storage=Yam-LTO-5-Tape
Connecting to Storage daemon Yam-LTO-5-Tape at yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk:9103
yam.private.maths.cam.ac.uk-s Version: 5.2.10 (28 June 2012) x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu redhat 5.7
Daemon started 31-Oct-12 02:53. Jobs: run=2060, running=0.
Heap: heap=1,916,928 smbytes=1,137,308 max_bytes=1,865,361 bufs=226 max_bufs=401
Sizes: boffset_t=8 size_t=8 int32_t=4 int64_t=8 mode=0,0
Running Jobs:
No Jobs running.
====
...
Device status:
Autochanger "Yam-TTO-5-Changer" with devices:
"Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0)
Device "FileStorage" (/local/baculascratch/FileStorage) is not open.
Device "Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0) is mounted with:
Volume: MAT023L5
Pool: Default
Media type: LTO-5
Slot 19 is loaded in drive 0.
Total Bytes Read=129,024 Blocks Read=2 Bytes/block=64,512
Positioned at File=0 Block=0
====
Used Volume status:
MAT023L5 on device "Yam-LTO-5" (/dev/nst0)
Reader=0 writers=0 devres=0 volinuse=0
====
Data spooling: 0 active jobs, 0 bytes; 2060 total jobs, 105,629,075,910 max bytes/job.
Attr spooling: 0 active jobs, 22,810,988,830 bytes; 2060 total jobs, 22,810,988,830 max bytes.
====
*
Note the status shows it isn't blocked any more, and actually lists the volume we just mounted as 'in use'.